Sarah De Winne Commanding the landscape of the Hautes Corbières region in southern France, Aguilar Castle dominates a plain of rolling vineyards. The ruins of this medieval concentric castle are perched 296 metres high on ‘Eagle’s Rock’, a rocky hill amidst the rugged terrain of Occitanie. Locals aptly nickname the ruins of this medieval fortress as the ‘Eagle’s Nest’.
Aguilar Castle is situated approximately 80 kilometres (1 hr 20 minutes by car) southeast of Carcassonne and 40 kilometres (50 minutes by car) northwest of Perpignan. Surrounded by the picturesque wine-growing areas of the Fitou and Corbières appellations, a visit the Château d’Aguilar blends historical significance with stunning natural beauty.
History and Significance of Aguilar Castle
As one of the renowned ‘Five Sons of Carcassonne’, Aguilar Castle formed a crucial part of a strategic defensive line that once guarded the French border with the Kingdom of Aragon.
Today, the Château d’Aguilar stands as a testament to medieval military architecture and is listed as French Historic Monument. The well-preserved ruins offer visitors a glimpse into the region’s rich history while providing breathtaking views of the surrounding Corbières landscape.
Origins of Aguilar Castle: The Eagle’s Nest
Early records indicate a building on the site of Aguilar Castle from 1021. However, most of the castle’s fortifications were constructed from the mid 12th century onwards until the 15th century.
During its past, the castle played an important role in guarding the frontier between France and the Kingdom of Aragon. Its strategic location atop Eagle’s Rock allowed it to control the ancient route linking the Roussillon plain to the Corbières massif.
Aguilar Castle in the Cathar Conflicts
During the turbulent times of the Albigensian Crusade, Aguilar Castle also served as a refuge for Cathar heretics. In 1210, the castle was seized by Simon de Montfort, marking a significant moment in the castle’s history.
The castle’s owner, Raymond de Termes, was imprisoned at that time. His son, Olivier de Termes (one of the most famous knights of the 13th century), later retook possession of the castle but sold it to King Louis IX in 1260.
Aguilar Castle as a Royal Fortress
Following the Treaty of Corbeil in 1258, the Château d’Aguilar came under the direct control of the French crown. King Louis IX strengthened its defences, solidifying its position as part of the strategic network known as the ‘Five Sons of Carcassonne’.
Aguilar Castle Architecture and Layout
Aguilar Castle appears to blend organically with its surroundings. The rocks on which the castle is built form the foundations of the castle’s architecture and it is very evident that the landscape influenced its design.
Unlike some other concentric castles, the six semi-circular towers are not evenly spaced, and the curtain walls vary in thickness. In fact, these features were adapted to the terrain for maximum protection.
Defensive Features of Aguilar Castle
Although Aguilar Castle is not intact, you can still see some great examples of medieval military architecture which makes it a very interesting site to explore. Here are some of the highlights:
- Imposing Keep (donjon)
- Double enclosure walls
- Six semi-circular towers (outer enclosure and towers built after the royal acquisition in 1260)
- Ramparts
- Arrow Slits under semi-circular arches (dating to the 12th century)
These elements combine to create a formidable defensive structure that has withstood the test of time. The oldest part of the castle is thought to be the central irregular polygonal enclosure.
Interior Structures of the Eagle’s Nest
While much of the interior has not survived, there are other interesting structures to explore within the grounds of Aguilar Castle:
- The well-preserved 12th century Sainte-Anne chapel (This tiny chapel stands alone on the very edge of the rocky outcrop and has fabulous views).
- Square tower housing cistern for water storage and early plumbing system (dating to the 15th century).
Fabulous Panoramic Views
As you explore Aguilar Castle, you cannot escape being drawn to the fabulous panoramic views that surround it. Even though this concentric castle is in ruins it has a stunning backdrop! Wherever you stand, you can appreciate its strategic location, its fortifications and you are transported back in time.
Visiting the Eagle’s Nest: Aguilar Castle Guide
Access and Visitor Information
- Located off the D611 near the village of Tuchan in the department of Aude.
- Open to the public year-round.
- Dogs on leads permitted.
- Ample free parking.
- Adult admission: 4 Euros.
Facilities at Aguilar Castle
As a small, environmentally conscious site, Aguilar Castle offers:
- A small Visitor Centre with shop.
- One eco-friendly dry toilet.
- One picnic table beside the Visitor Centre and another on the road up to the castle.
- Limited amenities, so come prepared with water and snacks.
What to See at the Eagle’s Nest Castle
Visitors to the ‘Eagle’s Nest’ can enjoy:
- Ruins of well-preserved medieval fortifications.
- Free self-guided tour leaflet that explains the castle’s history and significance.
- Panoramic views of the surrounding Corbières wine region.
TOP TIP: You can access a copy of the free information leaflet here in advance of your visit.
360° Aguilar Walking Loop: Panoramic Views
After exploring the castle, don’t miss the opportunity to see the ‘Eagle’s Nest’ from a different perspective. A 1-hour walking loop called ‘360° Aguilar’ leads you around the base of the castle and on the hill opposite.
This walking trail offers great views of the castle and its surroundings, so is perfect for photography enthusiasts and those seeking a fuller experience of the site.
TOP TIP: The signs marking the 360° Aguilar trail are easy to miss. Look out for the small, square signs in the photo below to help you find your way!
Tips for Exploring Aguilar Castle
- Wear comfortable, sturdy shoes for walking on uneven terrain.
- Bring a camera to capture the stunning views.
- Consider packing a picnic to enjoy in the surrounding area.
- Visit early morning or late afternoon for the best lighting conditions, especially if you plan to do the ‘360° Aguilar’ walk.
- Allow at least 2-3 hours for a complete visit, including the castle and the walking loop.
TOP TIP: To reach the ruins of Aguilar Castle, there is a short 5-minute uphill walk, but this is not overly challenging. However, the terrain is rocky and uneven so may not be suitable for those with reduced mobility or pushchairs.
Experiencing Aguilar Castle in Corbières
Aguilar Castle, the ‘Eagle’s Nest’ of Corbières, offers a unique blend of historical significance and natural beauty. As locals, we cherish this lesser-known gem among the Five Sons of Carcassonne. Its modest facilities and low admission price make it an accessible and rewarding destination for history buffs, nature lovers, and families alike.
Whether you’re exploring the castle ruins or taking in the panoramic views from the ‘360° Aguilar’ walk, this site provides an authentic and intimate experience of medieval Occitanie, truly living up to its lofty nickname.
